Congenital disorder or malformation is a birth defect. It is a result of genetic abnormalities, the intrauterine (uterus) environment, errors of morphogenesis, a chromosomal abnormality, or a complex mix and unknown factors.
Here's a list of some of the most unusual birth defects.
Aglossia
(Photo courtesy of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)
Aglossia is the absence of tongue at birth. This tongue anomaly is frequently found in persons who have other congenital or developmental defects particularly limb and other cranio-facial defects.
Albinism
(Photo courtesy of Wikipedia)
Albinism is a congenital absence of normal pigmentation. It is characterized by partial or total lack of melanin pigment in the eyes, skin and hair. People who have this condition have visual difficulties like hypersensitivity to bright light and glare and many others.
Anencephaly
Anencephaly is the absence of brain and spinal chord, a congenital defect. There is no cure or standard treatment for anencephaly and the prognosis for affected individuals is poor. Most anencephalic babies do not survive birth.
Aniridia
(Photo courtesy of Wikipedia)
Aniridia is the absence of the iris at birth. This usually occurs in both eyes. It is associated with poor development of the retina at the back of the eye preventing normal vision development.
Apodal
(Photo courtesy of PalmBeachPost.com)
Apodal is the congenital condition of having no feet.
Brachydactylia
(Photo courtesy of Visindavefurinn)
Brachydactylia is an abnormal condition of shortness of fingers. The picture above shows a child fingers and an adult with brachydactylia.
Cleft Foot and Hand
(Photo courtesy of Indian Pediatrics)
Cleft foot and hand also known as split or lobster foot and hand or partial adactyly is a rare inherited anomaly in which a single cleft extends promixally into the foot/hand. It usually occurs in conjunction with clawing of the hand
Club foot
(Photo courtesy of Wikipedia)
Club foot is a congenital foot deformity. The foot is twisted in (inverted) and down. There is no treatment that's why persons afflicted often appear to walk on their ankles, or on the sides of their feet.
Heterochromia
(Photo courtesy of Wikipedia)
Heterochromia (also known as a heterochromia iridis or heterochromia iridium) is an ocular condition in which one iris is a different color from the other iris. The subject on the photo above has a brown and hazel eye.
Polydactyly
(Photo courtesy of UNSW Embryology)
Polydatyly is the presence of additional toes or fingers also called polydactylia or polydactylism. The condition is often treated surgically in the infant.
Syndactyly
Syndactyly is the fusion of fingers or toes which may be single or multiple and may affect: skin only, skin and soft tissues or skin, soft tissues and bone.
Adermia
Adermia is the absence of skin, congenital or acquired
Aglossostomia
Aglossostomia is the absence of a tongue or mouth at birth
Agonad
Agonad is an individual without sex gland (testes or ovary).
Anonychia
Anonychia is a rare birth malformation characterized by absence of nails.
Atelocephalus
Atelocephalus is a condition of having an incomplete head.
Athymia
Athymia is a condition of a person without emotion or feelings due to the congenital absence of the thymus gland
Chromatelopsia
Chromatelopsia is a condition of color-blindness and the opposite of chromatopsia, a visual defect in which colorless objects appear to be tinged with color.
Darwinian ear
Darwinian ear is a congenital deformity of the helix of the ear.
It is a sad fact that thousands are afflicted by these birth defects. Fortunately, some of these malformations can be corrected medically but unfortunate for others because many of these congenital disorders present no medical solution.
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